Hedge Funds, Naked Short
Selling, Phantom Stocks and Stock Market Collapse
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Hedge Funds, Naked Short
Selling, Phantom Stocks and Stock Market Collapse
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5
Nobody understands “the game” and “bozo reporters” better than David
Rocker. He is one of the most popular sources ever to use the business
media to his advantage. His information has appeared with near-constant
regularity on CNBC and TheStreet.com, and he has been a favored source
for Cramer’s friends at The Wall Street Journal, Fortune magazine, and
MSN Money. Herb Greenberg has written negatively about nearly every
company that Rocker has sold short, usually repeating Rocker’s analysis
verbatim.
The information in these stories is often bogus. Much of it has come
from Gradient Analytics, the financial research shop that the SEC has
subpoenaed, along with Herb, Cramer and Carol Remond, in 2006. In
addition to the three affidavits that the SEC received, several other
former Gradient employees are willing to testify that the place is
staffed by kids who take dictation from Rocker or other hedge fund
managers, and then produce phony negative research designed to cause
stock prices to collapse.
Rocker routinely takes this “independent research” to the SEC,
suggesting that his target companies are committing accounting fraud -
that they’re the next Enrons. The Rocker constellation of hedge funds is
pretty tight with the SEC - much as Elgindy was. The government agency
will investigate just about any company named by these people. In
return, Rocker has employed at least one high-level SEC employee who
investigated his target companies. No doubt, others wonder whether they,
too, might get lucrative jobs.
Some of the companies that the SEC investigates at the behest of
these hedge funds have actually done something wrong. But often, the SEC
eventually has to announce that the companies are beyond reproach. That,
however, can take several years, by which time, news of the
investigations - dutifully circulated by the Media Mob - will have
inflicted mortal damage on these companies’ stock prices and business
operations.
Around the same time that these SEC investigations begin, and usually
right after a friend-of-Cramer publishes a negative article, a slippery
law firm will file a class action lawsuit alleging that the target
company has defrauded its investors. The law firm that has been most
often responsible for these suits - the firm that has sued almost every
company shorted by the Rocker constellation of hedge funds - is Milberg
Weiss. This same law firm was on close terms with Amr Elgindy and his
government cronies. “FBI and SEC will be here soon,” Elgindy said to a
hedge fund manager on his website, “as will class [action] Milberg Weiss
guy.”
Patrick Byrne warned people about this firm in his
“Miscreants’ Ball” presentation. The Media Mob ridiculed him. Less
than a year later,
Milberg Weiss was indicted and its founding partner was sentenced to
prison for racketeering, mail fraud and bribery. The firm paid off its
plaintiffs to induce them to sue companies targeted by affiliated hedge
funds. According to
court documents, Milberg Weiss instructed people to buy stock in
target companies, “anticipating that the securities would decline in
value, in order to position themselves to be named plaintiffs in
securities fraud class actions and to obtain kickback payments.”
Anticipating that the securities would decline. How in the
world could they have known that the securities would lose value? Well,
soon after the phony plaintiffs bought shares in a company, somebody
would flood the market with massive amounts of phantom stock. And while
Milberg was preparing its law suits, Gradient and similar outfits would
release bogus financial research. Indeed, a Gradient employee time sheet
obtained by Deep Capture has a line-item tagged “Milberg
Weiss” - suggesting that Gradient’s employees were concomitantly working
for the crooked law firm.
With phantom stock flooding the system, and the SEC preparing to
investigate, and dubious financial research shops releasing bogus
information, the Media Mob would attack with biased, negative stories.
As the stock plummeted, Milberg filed its pre-fabricated lawsuits
(inserting the media stories as evidence) alleging that the target
company had ripped off its investors by causing its own stock prices to
plummet. The lawsuits, of course, caused the stock prices to plummet
even more, at which point the Media Mob would write more stories blaming
the companies for their falling stock price.
The Media Mob avoids questions about Milberg’s dubious practices -
and certainly never reports on them.
And, in February 2006, when Gradient comes under investigation, the
journalists go berserk. The investigation is a violation of free speech,
they say - and the “whoooole” thing was orchestrated by Patrick Byrne
and the Easter Bunny.
* * * * * * * *
Back in April 2004, while Elgindy was posing as Manny Velasco, and
Cramer’s television partner was grilling Patrick on gross profits, and
phantom stock was flooding the market, and a pack of journalists
affiliated with Cramer and Gradient Analytics were attacking every
company that Rocker shorted - when all of this was happening, the Easter
Bunny thought, gee, there might be a pattern. He first gained notoriety
among the Media Mob by starting a blog that chronicled the travails of a
little mortgage lender in Kansas City, MO called NovaStar Financial.
There is no particular reason why anyone would be interested in this
obscure company, but it had been given national exposure by a certain
segment of the financial press. On April 12, 2004, The Wall Street
Journal “Money & Investing” section (edited by David Kansas, formerly of
TheStreet.com) published a negative article by
Jonathan
Weil (who later
went to work for a financial research shop that caters to short-sellers
and law firms that file class action lawsuits). The Journal, depending
on information from hedge funds linked to Cramer, suggested that NovaStar had licensing problems in multiple states, when it did not.
During that month, Herb also attacked NovaStar in more than a dozen
separate stories - many of them containing false information. His
analysis appeared on MarketWatch.com, CNBC and MSN Money. TheStreet.com
followed suit. NovaStar’s stock plunged by more than 30%, and on April
15, crooked law firm Milberg Weiss, with amazing alacrity and foresight,
filed a class action lawsuit (using the Journal article as its principal
evidence) alleging that NovaStar’s “investors” had been grievously
harmed by the falling share price. The next day, the SEC, no doubt at
the behest of short-sellers, opened an investigation of NovaStar,
inflicting yet more damage.
In the midst of all this, the Easter Bunny sent Herb a detailed
analysis that showed that Herb had completely misread an important line
on NFI’s financial statement. Herb blithely responded with, “You’re free
to interpret the data any way you want” - which is his standard answer.
Now, it is fair to say that in 2008 subprime mortgages have become a
risky business. But that is different from saying, in 2004, that a
specific mortgage company has done something wrong. Even as NovaStar
continued to post strong profits well into 2006, short-seller games -
including the sale of phantom shares — kept the stock price in the mud.
SEC data obtained under the Freedom of Information Act shows that
millions of shares of NovaStar had been sold but not delivered on April
11, 2004 - the day before the Journal article. The number of phantom
NovaStar shares in the system increased steadily over the next three
years.
Today, the stock price is too low even to trade on NASDAQ. It has
been reduced to the pink sheets - reserved for penny stocks.
The SEC’s investigation of NovaStar remains open, but as of early
2008, it had yet to announce an investigation into hedge funds that
trade phantom stock.
As of April 2008, Herb was still covering NovaStar. Lately, he’d been
dancing on its grave.
* * * * * * * *
Not long before NovaStar came under attack, Michael Milken, the “junk
bond king,” appeared in the offices of Allied Capital, a DC-based
financial company that shares certain financial characteristics with
NovaStar. There, he told an Allied executive, “You know, I already am
quite a large shareholder of your stock - but my name will never show up
on any list you’ll see.”
This may have been a reference to a practice called “parking stock”
(owning stock but “parking” it in the accounts of friends with whom one
has made under-the-table arrangements), a practice that figured in the
high-count indictment that sent Milken, along with Boesky, to prison in
the 1980s.
Milken returned on several occasions and seemed intent on ferreting
out every detail of Allied’s business. Then, the interrogations came to
an abrupt end.
A couple of months later, Cramer’s friend David Einhorn was at a
hedge fund luncheon. Sitting next to him was corporate raider Carl Icahn.
Halfway through the meal, Einhorn stood up and told the hedge funds
assembled in the room, “Allied Capital is going to zero!”
On April 26, 2004, Dan Loeb (a.k.a. Mr. Pink, the guy who once
promised to go to “war” for Einhorn) posted a comment on a Yahoo message
board, saying: “ALD [Allied] turd getting flushed, swirling down the
toilet.”
At the same time, reports on Allied’s supposed misdeeds, created by
the Kroll Investigative Agency and a politically connected Texas
businessman named Jim Brickman, were delivered to the SEC and the
Department of Justice, which began investigations. These inquisitions
became so onerous that Allied had to create what one employee calls the
“Department of Investigations” just to satisfy the government requests
that poured in, year-after-year.
The Kroll Investigative Agency seems to have developed a unit tasked
specifically with manufacturing dirt on companies shorted by the Cramer
constellation of hedge funds. Einhorn and his cronies commissioned the
report that was submitted to the DOJ, and it should be unsurprising that
most of its allegations were groundless.
After four years of ongoing investigations, and countless media
stories alleging wrongdoing, charges have been brought against one
person - an ex-employee of a company that represents less than 5% of
Allied’s portfolio of investments.
Meanwhile, the SEC and DOJ have yet to investigate claims that Allied
is the victim of illegal phantom stock selling. So Deep Capture
has done it’s own investigation. This took all of five minutes - the
time we needed to write and send a Freedom of Information Act request to
the SEC. The SEC
wrote us back, providing data showing that there have at times been
3.5 million phantom Allied shares. That is, somebody had sold at least
3.5 million shares that were never delivered because the shares did not
exist.
And again, that number represents phantom shares in just one corner
of the system. The number of phantom shares in the rest of the system is
thought by most observers to be many times greater. However, the SEC
refuses to release data about the number of phantom shares in other
layers of the system. In fact, Patrick, Dave Patch and others have
suggested that the SEC might not even know.
In any case, the SEC has the power to prosecute the sellers of
phantom stock, but it has so far refused to do so.
* * * * * * * *
And what if Overstock, Allied Capital, and NovaStar were not the only
victims. Suppose there were a clique of hedge funds and reporters who
descended upon hundreds of public companies, mocking and harassing them,
driving their CEOs to conniptions or barricaded silence. Suppose further
that billions of dollars worth of phantom stock in these companies had
been sold into the market.
Suppose we know this because people like the Easter Bunny and Dave
Patch have devoted large chunks of their lives to exposing the crime.
But we also know it because Leslie Boni, a resident economist at the SEC
has published a seminal report, “Strategic
Failures to Deliver,” which identifies phantom stock as a major
problem. We know it because former Undersecretary of Commerce Robert
Shapiro has done his own
study, concluding that naked short sellers have vaporized as many as
1,000 companies.
And we know it because in January 2005, the SEC begins publishing a
list of more than 300 companies whose stock has been sold, but never
delivered, in excessive quantities. There is some initial muttering
about the phantom stock being the result of “clerical errors,” - maybe
the real stock is sitting under a mattress somewhere, or the dog ate it
- but this is so much gobbledygook, as evidenced by the huge amount of
undelivered stock and the SEC’s later admissions that phantom stock is a
“serious problem.”
We also know from Leslie Boni’s statistical analysis that high
volumes of phantom stock are concentrated in very specific companies. We
know from our own analysis that there is a wildly high probability that
those same stocks have been targeted by Milberg Weiss lawsuits and in
hatchet jobs by the Media Mob. The stock-eating dog must have friendly
relations with Herb, Carol Remond, Jim Cramer and their friends.
Peter Chepucavage, the SEC attorney who drafted the so-called Reg SHO
rule requiring the SEC to begin listing victimized companies, has told
us that its enactment was preceded by an unprecedented lobbying effort
spearheaded by Wall Street. The result, he says, is watered down
enforcement. While the SEC listed the victim companies, for example, it
stipulated no way of helping them - which is like publishing the names
of rape victims while refusing to prosecute rapists. (Indeed, the stock
prices of many of the companies on the list dropped significantly in the
days after the list first appeared.)
But, anyway, there it is: a list, supplied by the SEC — unequivocal
evidence that hundreds of companies are victimized by a stark financial
crime.
Now, suppose that one CEO fights back. He fights back because of what
short-sellers’ illegal tactics are doing to the shareholders of his and
other companies, and also, because he is worried that the creation of
phantom stock will have systemic implications.
Maybe this CEO gives
a presentation titled “The Miscreants’ Ball,” identifying a group of
journalists who are the eager stooges of rule-bending hedge funds.
Maybe, for a while, government investigators begin to take an interest
in some of the CEO’s allegations - and maybe important politicians,
economists and even a few objective journalists began shaking their
heads and saying things like, Holy bejeezers, Byrne and that Easter
Bunny character are right. Not in every respect, maybe, but clear as
day: this is one of history’s great financial heists.
Well, in this case, the journalist-stooges might become somewhat
agitated. Suppose they set out to defend themselves and their Wall
Street friends-to disparage the CEO and others who question the tactics
of some short-sellers and their value as media sources. This, one can
imagine, is a battle that the journalists are keen to win. Maybe some,
like Herb, go more or less bonkers. And for others, perhaps, there are
few limits inviolable–no filth unbearable.
Imagine that.
What would happen then?
Around the same time that these SEC investigations begin, and usually
right after a friend-of-Cramer publishes a negative article, a slippery
law firm will file a class action lawsuit alleging that the target
company has defrauded its investors. The law firm that has been most
often responsible for these suits - the firm that has sued almost every
company shorted by the Rocker constellation of hedge funds - is Milberg
Weiss. This same law firm was on close terms with Amr Elgindy and his
government cronies. “FBI and SEC will be here soon,” Elgindy said to a
hedge fund manager on his website, “as will class [action] Milberg Weiss
guy.”
There is no particular reason why anyone would be interested in this
obscure company, but it had been given national exposure by a certain
segment of the financial press. On April 12, 2004, The Wall Street
Journal “Money & Investing” section (edited by David Kansas, formerly of
TheStreet.com) published a negative article by
Jonathan
Weil (who later
went to work for a financial research shop that caters to short-sellers
and law firms that file class action lawsuits). The Journal, depending
on information from hedge funds linked to Cramer, suggested that NovaStar had licensing problems in multiple states, when it did not.
Jonathan
Weil (who later
went to work for a financial research shop that caters to short-sellers
and law firms that file class action lawsuits). The Journal, depending
on information from hedge funds linked to Cramer, suggested that NovaStar had licensing problems in multiple states, when it did not.
Jonathan
Weil (who later
went to work for a financial research shop that caters to short-sellers
and law firms that file class action lawsuits). The Journal, depending
on information from hedge funds linked to Cramer, suggested that NovaStar had licensing problems in multiple states, when it did not.
In the midst of all this, the Easter Bunny sent Herb a detailed
analysis that showed that Herb had completely misread an important line
on NFI’s financial statement. Herb blithely responded with, “You’re free
to interpret the data any way you want” - which is his standard answer.
Not long before NovaStar came under attack, Michael Milken, the “junk
bond king,” appeared in the offices of Allied Capital, a DC-based
financial company that shares certain financial characteristics with
NovaStar. There, he told an Allied executive, “You know, I already am
quite a large shareholder of your stock - but my name will never show up
on any list you’ll see.”
On April 26, 2004, Dan Loeb (a.k.a. Mr. Pink, the guy who once
promised to go to “war” for Einhorn) posted a comment on a Yahoo message
board, saying: “ALD [Allied] turd getting flushed, swirling down the
toilet.”








